Wavelet and ANN Based Relaying for Power Transformer Protection

This paper presents an efficient wavelet and neural network (WNN) based algorithm for distinguishing magnetizing inrush currents from internal fault currents in three phase power transformers. The wavelet transform is applied first to decompose the current signals of the power transformer into a series of detailed wavelet components. The values of the detailed coefficients obtained can accurately discriminate between an internal fault and magnetizing inrush currents in power transformers. The detailed coefficients are further used to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The trained ANN clearly distinguishes an internal fault current from magnetizing inrush current. A typical 750 MVA, 27/420KV, /Y power transformer connected between a 27KV source at the sending end and a 420KV transmission line connected to an infinite bus power system at the receiving end were simulated using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The generated data were used by the MATLAB software to test the performance of the proposed technique. The simulation results obtained show that the new algorithm is more reliable and accurate. It provides a high operating sensitivity for internal faults and remains stable for inrush currents of the power transformers.